Why Different Gemstones Need Different Care

Mar 1, 2026

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In a recent Instagram video, I mentioned that gemstones such as amethyst, citrine, kunzite and some varieties of topaz can gradually fade if they're left in strong sunlight for long periods. It's a topic that often surprises people, and it highlights an important point: not all gemstones should be cared for in the same way.

It's an easy assumption to make. After all, they're all beautiful stones set into jewellery. Surely they can all be cleaned with the same products and treated the same way?

Not quite. In fact, this is one of the biggest misconceptions I’ve come across.

Every gemstone has its own unique characteristics. Some are incredibly durable and perfect for everyday wear. Others are naturally softer, more porous or sensitive to heat, chemicals or prolonged sunlight.

Understanding a little about the gemstone you're wearing will help you enjoy it for many years to come.

Some Gemstones Love Everyday Life

Diamonds, sapphires and rubies are among the hardest gemstones found in nature. They're wonderful choices for rings and jewellery that's worn regularly because they resist scratching exceptionally well.

That doesn't mean they're indestructible though.

A sharp knock against a hard surface can still chip the edge of a diamond or damage a setting. Soap, moisturiser and everyday oils can also build up surprisingly quickly, leaving even the most brilliant diamond looking dull.

A gentle clean with warm water, mild dish soap and a soft cloth is usually all that's needed to restore its sparkle. Regular professional inspections will also ensure the gemstone remains securely set.

Some Gemstones Prefer a Gentler Touch

Emeralds are loved for their rich green colour, but they're quite different from diamonds.

Natural emeralds contain a network of inclusions, trapped minerals and tiny internal fractures , collectively often called "jardin ", which are part of what makes each stone unique. Many are also treated with natural oils to enhance their appearance.

Because of this, harsh chemicals, steam cleaning and ultrasonic cleaners are not recommended.

Instead, clean emerald jewellery gently with lukewarm water, a mild soap solution and a soft cloth, and have it professionally inspected from time to time.

Pearls Are Organic, Not Mineral

Pearls are one of the few gemstones created by living organisms, rather than deep within the earth. This makes them wonderfully unique—but also one of the most delicate gemstones you can own.

Perfume, hairspray, cosmetics and even perspiration can gradually affect their lustre.

That's why I always recommend putting pearl jewellery on last and taking it off first, and gently wiping it with a soft cloth after wear. Store pearls separately in a soft pouch, and avoid airtight plastic containers as they benefit from a little natural moisture in the air.

Opals Need a Little Extra Care

Opals are famous for their incredible flashes of colour, but they're also more delicate than many people realise.

Opals naturally contain water and therefore don't respond well to sudden temperature changes or harsh cleaning methods.

Best to completely avoid ultrasonic cleaners, harsh chemicals and prolonged exposure to excessive heat. Instead, gently clean your opals with a damp, soft cloth and store them somewhere cool, away from direct sunlight.

Some Gemstones Don't Enjoy Too Much Sunshine

Here's one that surprises many people. Certain gemstones can gradually lose some of their colour if left in strong sunlight for extended periods.

Amethyst, citrine, kunzite and some varieties of topaz are particularly sensitive to prolonged exposure to heat and ultraviolet light.

But don’t let that stop you from wearing these gemstones outdoors. It simply means they're better stored in a cool drawer or jewellery box, rather than left on a sunny windowsill or dressing table.

Every Gemstone Has Its Own Personality

One of the reasons I enjoy working with coloured gemstones so much is that each one has its own character. Some are wonderfully robust and happy to accompany you every day. Others ask for just a little more care in return for their extraordinary beauty.

None of that should stop you from wearing them though. After all, jewellery is meant to be enjoyed. It simply means understanding your gemstones and caring for them in a way that helps your jewellery stay beautiful for years to come.

If you're ever unsure how to care for a particular gemstone—or perhaps you've inherited a piece and aren't even sure what it is—bring it along when you next visit the showroom. I'd be delighted to help identify it and recommend the best way to care for it.